On the Crime of Duel

According to this website http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/Duel,  duel is defined as a prearranged combat between two persons, fought with deadly weapons according to an accepted code of procedure, especially to settle a private quarrel.
An image of duel taken from bing images.
The scene of duel is very common in classic films, both foreign and local films, wherein the antagonist challenges the protagonist to do the duel.  Of course, no matter how skillful the antagonist is, it is the protagonist that would end up as a winner.

Duel, as common as it may seem, is prohibited by law.  It is penalized in the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines.
According to Article 260 of the Revised Penal Code:
"Responsibility of participants in a duel. - The penalty of reclusion temporal shall be imposed upon any person who shall kill his adversary in a duel.
  
If he shall inflict upon the latter physical injuries only, he shall suffer the penalty provided therefor, according to their nature.
In any other case, the combatants shall suffer the penalty of arresto mayor, although no physical injuries have been inflicted."

It is clear that the person to be penalized in duel is the one who shall kill or inflict physical injuries to his adversary.  The adversary referred in this provision is the other party in duel.  

The penalty to be imposed is reclusion temporal or imprisonment of 12 years and 1 day to 20 years for killing an adversary.
The combatants in a duel would also be penalized of imprisonment of 30 days and 1 to 6 months or arresto mayor.  It is not important that injuries be inflicted.

Article 261 of the same code provides:

"Challenging to a duel. - The penalty of prision correccional in its minimum period shall be imposed upon any person who shall challenge another, or incite another to give or accept a challenge to a duel, or shall scoff at or decry another publicly for having refused to accept a challenge."

What shall be penalized in this provision are:

1.  Any person who shall challenge another, or incite another to give or accept a challenge to a duel; or
2.  Any person who shall scoff at or decry another publicly for having refused to accept a challenge.
This person shall be penalized with prision correccional or an imprisonment of 6 months and 1 to 6 years.

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